Which of the following Sultans of Delhi primarily adopted a policy of consolidation rather than expansion?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B
Explanation
The correct answer is Option 2 i.e. Balban.
Ghiyas-ud-din Balban (reigned 1266–1287) was a ruler of the Slave Dynasty who concentrated on consolidating the Delhi Sultanate rather than expanding its territory. His reign was characterized by internal stability, law enforcement, and centralized administration.
Key Policies of Balban:
-
Doctrine of Kingship: Introduced the concept of divine kingship (Zill-e-Ilahi), depicting himself as God's representative on Earth.
-
Suppression of Rebellion: Crushed internal revolts and noble conspiracies, particularly the Chahalgani (a group of 40 nobles).
-
Security Measures: Strengthened the frontiers against Mongol invasions.
-
Justice and Administration: Enforced a strict policy of law and order, known for his iron-fisted approach.
Why not the other options?
-
Ibrahim Lodi: Focused on expanding the empire but was ultimately defeated by Babur in the First Battle of Panipat (1526).
-
Alauddin Khalji: Followed an aggressive expansionist policy, conquering Gujarat, Malwa, and the Deccan.
-
Bahlol Lodi: Concentrated on expanding by annexing territories like Jaunpur and consolidating the Lodi Dynasty's power.