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SSC CHSL 2025 PYQ — Question 97

SSC CHSL - 24 Nov 2025 - Shift 3 • General Awareness • Q97

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Which of the following statements is correct with reference to the Act passed by the British Parliament in 1858?
I. The Governor-General of India was given the title of Viceroy.
II. The British decided to respect the customary religious and social practices of the people in India.

Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Explanation

The correct answer is Option 3: Both I and II.
Explanation:

  • Following the Revolt of 1857, the British Parliament passed the Government of India Act, 1858, which brought about radical changes in the governance of India.
  • Statement I is correct: Under this Act, the rule of the East India Company was abolished, and power was transferred directly into the hands of the British Crown (Monarchy). The office of the Governor-General of India was renamed the Viceroy, who served as the direct representative of the British Crown in India. Lord Canning became the first Viceroy of India.
  • Statement II is correct: A major cause of the Revolt of 1857 was the perception among Indians that their religion and social customs were being interfered with. Therefore, to prevent such revolts in the future, the British adopted an official policy stating that they would respect the religious beliefs and social practices of Indians and would not interfere directly in them.

Other Key Features of the Act of 1858 (Quick Revision):

  • 'Secretary of State for India': A new office was created, vested with complete authority over the Indian administration. The incumbent was a member of the British Cabinet.
  • India Council: A 15-member council was constituted to assist the Secretary of State for India.
  • Abolition of Dual Government: The system of the 'Board of Control' and the 'Court of Directors'—introduced by Pitt's India Act—was abolished.

Important Questions for Upcoming Examinations:
Question: Who was the first Viceroy of India?
Answer: Lord Canning.
Question: Which proclamation was termed the 'Magna Carta of their rights' by the educated class of India?
Answer: Queen Victoria's Proclamation of 1858.
Question: In whose name was the governance of India conducted following the Act of 1858?
Answer: In the name of the British Monarch (King/Queen).