Which of the following rulers founded the Nalanda University?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: D
Explanation
Answer: Kumaragupta I
Explanation:
- The world-renowned Nalanda University, located in Bihar, was established in the 5th century CE by the Gupta dynasty ruler, Kumaragupta I. It was considered the most significant center of higher education in ancient India, where students from across the globe (particularly China, Korea, and Central Asia) came to study. Kumaragupta I was also known by the name 'Shakraditya'. This university was particularly renowned for the teachings of Buddhism (Mahayana).
Additional Points:
- Destruction: At the end of the 12th century (1193 CE), the Turkic general Bakhtiyar Khilji destroyed Nalanda University and set fire to its library (Dharmaganja).
- Glorification: The Chinese traveler Xuanzang studied here during the reign of Harshavardhana and described it in great detail in his writings.
- Library: Nalanda's vast library consisted of three main sections—Ratnasagara, Ratnodadhi, and Ratnaranjaka.
Potential Questions and Answers:
Question: Who destroyed Nalanda University?
Answer: Bakhtiyar Khilji.
Question: During whose reign did the famous Chinese traveler Xuanzang visit Nalanda?
Answer: Emperor Harshavardhana.
Question: By what other title was Kumaragupta I known?
Answer: Shakraditya.