SSC CHSL 2025 PYQ — Question 98

The correct answer is Option 2: To remove nitrogenous waste products from the blood.
Explanation:

• An artificial kidney is a device used for patients whose kidneys have completely ceased functioning or are functioning very poorly. This process is known as hemodialysis.
• Primary Function: The main function of our kidneys is to filter the blood and separate nitrogenous waste products (such as urea and uric acid) from it. When the kidneys fail, these toxic substances begin to accumulate in the blood. The artificial kidney performs the task of removing these waste products from the body.
• Process: An artificial kidney consists of numerous tubes lined with a semi-permeable membrane. As blood flows through these tubes, waste products move from the blood into the dialyzing fluid through the process of diffusion.
• Key Difference between an Artificial Kidney and a Natural Kidney:
• Unlike a natural kidney, an artificial kidney does not possess the facility for reabsorption. After filtering the blood, our natural kidneys reabsorb useful substances—such as glucose, amino acids, and water—whereas an artificial kidney merely removes waste products.

Analysis of Other Options:

• Urine Production (Option 1): This is a function of the natural kidney. An artificial kidney does not directly produce urine; rather, it only cleanses the blood.
• Filtering Glucose (Option 3): Glucose is beneficial for the body. The body does not seek to filter it out; instead, it aims to conserve it.
• Increasing Blood Pressure (Option 4): The primary function of an artificial kidney is to cleanse the blood, not to increase blood pressure.

Important Question for Upcoming Examinations:
Question: What is the artificial process of blood purification called? Answer: Dialysis.
Question: What is the functional unit of the kidney?
Answer: Nephron.
Question: Where is urea produced in the body?
Answer: In the liver, but it is separated from the blood by the kidneys.