What does the term 'sulh-i-kul' refer to in the context of Akbar's reign?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B
Explanation
The correct answer is Option 2: Universal Peace.
Explanation:
- During the reign of the Mughal Emperor Akbar, 'Sulh-i-Kul' was an extremely significant concept, meaning 'Universal Peace' or 'Peace with All.'
- Core Philosophy: This idea was based on the premise that governance should demonstrate tolerance towards all religions and communities. Under this principle, no individual was discriminated against on the basis of their religion.
- Emphasis on Ethics: Rather than focusing on the differences between religions, Sulh-i-Kul centered on universal values such as honesty, justice, and peace.
- Propagation: Akbar's close friend and courtier, Abul Fazl, played a key role in developing this concept. Later, Akbar also formulated the framework for 'Din-i-Ilahi' based on this very foundation.
- Impact: This policy helped Akbar garner the support of various Rajput kings and non-Muslim communities, thereby bringing stability to the Mughal Empire.
Key Points of Akbar's Religious Policies (Quick Revision):
- As you prepare for Indian History, these facts related to Akbar frequently appear in examinations:
- Ibadat Khana (1575): A 'House of Worship' built in Fatehpur Sikri to facilitate discussions with scholars from various religions.
- Mahzar (1579): Through this decree, Akbar declared himself the ultimate arbiter in religious matters.
- Abolition of Jizya Tax (1564): The discriminatory tax levied on non-Muslims was abolished.
- Din-i-Ilahi (1582): An ethical code formulated by synthesizing the positive elements of all religions.
Important Questions for Upcoming Examinations:
Question: Which Mughal ruler adopted the policy of 'Sulh-i-Kul'?
Answer: Akbar.
Question: Which of Akbar's courtiers expounded upon the concept of 'Sulh-i-Kul' in detail?
Answer: Abul Fazl.
Question: In which year did Akbar abolish the 'Jizya' tax? Answer: 1564.