What does the fermentation process do?

Read the given passage and answer the question that follows.

On woody plants known as vines, luscious, smooth-skinned berries called grapes grow in dense clusters. In particular, grapes are grown in France, Italy, Spain, Australia, Chile, Romania, Georgia, South Africa and California, all of which have warm summers and moderate winters. Table grapes are larger and sweeter grapes that are intended for fresh consumption. To create wine, 80% of the grapes are crushed. The fermentation process turns grapes into wine. To make raisins, grapes must also be dried. Grapes ripen in the area of California in August. They are cut from the vines and left on trays to dry for two to three weeks. So, to transform them into raisins, they are further cooked and steeped in particular treatments. According to studies, one acre of grapes can make roughly 15,000 glasses of wine on average. Grapes of the Thompson, Flame, Ruby, Perlette and Tokay varieties are popular.