The term “Amaram” in Vijayanagara administration was associated with:
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B
Explanation
Answer: (2) Military Fief.
Explanation—
The foundation of the administrative system of the Vijayanagara Empire (1336–1646 CE) was the 'Nayankara System.' Under this system, the ruler (Raya) granted a specific tract of land to his top military commanders—known as 'Amaranayakas'—for the discharge of their military and administrative duties. This specific land-revenue tract, or military fief, was termed 'Amaram.'
The Amaranayakas utilized the revenue generated from this land to meet their personal needs, maintain their horses and elephants, and provide annual tributes to the King. This system was largely inspired by the 'Iqta' system of the Delhi Sultanate; however, it featured greater regional autonomy and accorded a stronger status to the Nayaka.
Additional Points—
Ayyagar System: While the Nayankara system operated at the provincial/military level, the 'Ayyagar' system served as the unit of rural administration, comprising a body of 12 hereditary officials.
Tax-Exempt Land: During the Vijayanagara period, land donated to temples was referred to as 'Devadana,' while land granted to Brahmins was known as 'Brahmadeya.'
Potential Exam Questions & Answers—
Question: On the banks of which river was the Vijayanagara Empire established?
Answer: The Tungabhadra River.
Question: What were the officials responsible for managing the 'Amaram' tracts called?
Answer: Amaranayakas.