The First Jain Council was convened at Pataliputra by whom?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B
Explanation
Answer: Sthulabahu.
Explanation:
In the history of Jainism, the First Jain Council was convened in the 4th century BCE (approximately 300 BCE) at Pataliputra (modern-day Patna). This council was presided over by Sthulabahu. The event took place during the reign of the Mauryan Emperor Chandragupta Maurya. The primary objective of this assembly was to compile the sacred texts of Jainism, which were in danger of being lost. It was during this very council that the '12 Angas' (limbs) of Jainism were codified. However, the followers of Bhadrabahu did not accept these decisions; consequently, Jainism eventually split into two sects: the Shvetambara (led by Sthulabahu) and the Digambara (led by Bhadrabahu).
Additional Points:
Bhadrabahu: He was the spiritual mentor of Chandragupta Maurya and is regarded as the founder of the Digambara sect.
Second Jain Council: This council was held in 512 CE at 'Vallabhi' (Gujarat), presided over by Devaridhi Kshamasramana.
Moggaliputta Tissa: He presided over the 'Third Buddhist Council' during the reign of Emperor Ashoka.
Potential Exam Questions and Answers:
Question: During the reign of which Mauryan ruler did the First Jain Council take place?
Answer: Chandragupta Maurya.
Question: Into which two sects did the first division of Jainism occur?
Answer: Shvetambara and Digambara.