Shuddhi movement was initiated by which of the following organisations?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: D
Explanation
The correct answer is option 4 i.e. Arya Samaj.
The Shuddhi Movement was initiated by the Arya Samaj, a Hindu reform movement founded by Swami Dayananda Saraswati. The term Shuddhi means “purification,” and the movement aimed to reconvert individuals who had left Hinduism, particularly those who had converted to Islam or Christianity, back into the Hindu fold. Launched in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the movement also sought to promote social reforms, eliminate caste discrimination, and unify Hindu society. Led by prominent Arya Samaj leaders like Swami Shraddhanand, the Shuddhi Movement played a significant role in the socio-religious revival and consolidation of Hindu identity in colonial India.