Match the column:
A. Metal 1. Positive and negative ions
B. Ionised Gas 2. Electrons and positively charged ions
C. Electrolyte 3. Electrons
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A
Explanation
The correct answer is Option 1 (A-3, B-2, C-1).
Detailed Analysis & Solution
The conductivity of a substance depends on the presence of mobile particles that can carry an electric charge. These 'charge carriers' vary depending on the physical state and chemical composition of the conductor.
A. Metal → 3. ElectronsIn metallic solids, atoms are arranged in a lattice structure. The valence electrons are not bound to any single atom but are free to move throughout the entire volume of the metal. These are called conduction electrons or 'free electrons.
B. Ionised Gas → 2. Electrons and positively charged ionsA gas becomes ionized when enough energy is supplied to knock electrons off the gas atoms. This state is often referred to as plasma.
C. Electrolyte → 1. Positive and negative ionsElectrolytes are substances (like salt solutions) that dissociate into ions when dissolved in water or melted. For example, NaCl breaks into Na+ and Cl-. In these liquids, there are no free electrons.
Key Summary Table Potential Competition QuestionsQ1. In a semiconductor like Silicon, what are the primary charge carriers?
Answer: Electrons and Holes
Q2. As temperature increases, the conductivity of a metallic conductor ________, while the conductivity of an electrolyte ________
Answer: Decreases; Increases