India started working in space research with the launch of a meteorological rocket in which year?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
Explanation
The correct answer is Option 3: 1963.
Explanation:
- The actual beginning of India's space program took place on November 21, 1963, when the first 'sounding rocket' (a meteorological rocket) was launched from Thumba in Kerala.
- The First Rocket: The name of this first rocket launched by India was 'Nike-Apache,' which was procured from the United States.
- Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station (TERLS): Thumba (Thiruvananthapuram) was chosen because it is situated very close to Earth's Magnetic Equator, making it an ideal location for studying the upper atmosphere.
- Key Personalities: Behind this historic achievement lay the significant contributions of scientists such as Dr. Vikram Sarabhai (the Father of the Indian Space Program) and Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam.
- Bicycles and Bullock Carts: This was the era when rocket components were transported on bicycles and satellites on bullock carts—an imagery that has come to symbolize India's struggle and determination.
Other Significant Milestones in Indian Space History (Quick Revision):
- 1962: Formation of the Indian National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR).
- 1969: Establishment of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) (August 15).
- 1975: Launch of India's first satellite, 'Aryabhata.'
- 1984 (Option 4): Rakesh Sharma became the first Indian to travel to space.
Important Questions for Upcoming Exams:
Question: Who is known as the 'Father of the Indian Space Program'?
Answer: Dr. Vikram Sarabhai.
Question: What was India's first indigenous rocket?
Answer: Rohini-75 (RH-75), which was launched in 1967. Question: Where is the Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) located?
Answer: Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh.