____ in Bihar was the capital of Magadha for several years. Later the capital was shifted to Pataliputra
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A
Explanation
The correct answer is Option 1: Rajagriha.
Explanation:
- The initial capital of Magadha—one of the most powerful Mahajanapadas (Great Kingdoms) of ancient India—was Rajagriha (currently known as 'Rajgir'). It remained the center of power for many years.
- Rajagriha (Option 1): This city was encircled by five hills, which provided it with a natural defensive shield, akin to an impregnable fortress. It was also known by the name 'Girivraja'. * Relocation: Later, Udayin (son of Ajatashatru)—a ruler of the Haryanka dynasty—shifted the capital from Rajagriha to Pataliputra (present-day Patna). Pataliputra held greater strategic and commercial significance due to its location at the confluence of the Ganges, Son, and Gandak rivers.
Key Points Related to the Magadha Mahajanapada (Quick Revision):
- Haryanka Dynasty: The first significant dynasty of Magadha; its founder was Bimbisara.
- Ajatashatru: Son of Bimbisara; the First Buddhist Council was held in Rajagriha during his reign.
- Shishunaga Dynasty: They temporarily shifted the capital to Vaishali (Option 3).
- Nanda and Mauryan Dynasties: During their rule, Pataliputra emerged as one of the most prosperous and powerful cities in the world.
Important Questions for Upcoming Examinations:
Question: Who shifted the capital of Magadha from Rajagriha to Pataliputra?
Answer: Udayin.
Question: Where was the First Buddhist Council held?
Answer: Rajagriha (Sattapanni Cave).
Question: In which Buddhist text can the list of the 16 Mahajanapadas be found?
Answer: Anguttara Nikaya.