Consider the following Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and choose the CORRECT option.
Assertion (A) - Modern technological development plays a very important role in determining the location of urban settlements.
Reason (R) - The location of the earliest urban settlement was dependent upon water, building material and fertile land.
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B
Explanation
Answer: Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Assertion (A): This is true. Today, modern technologies like transportation networks, digital connectivity, pipelines, and airlift determine where cities develop (e.g., high-tech cities or industrial corridors).
Reason (R): This is also true. Ancient civilizations (such as the Indus Valley or Mesopotamia) developed along rivers because water, fertile soil, and clay for brick-making were available there.
Why is this not an explanation? Reason (R) refers to historical background, while Statement (A) refers to modern technology. Both statements are independently true in their own context, but the dependence of early settlements on water does not explain how modern technology influences city location.
Additional points:
Ancient factors: River routes were the primary mode of transportation.
Modern factors: Connectivity (such as Bengaluru becoming an IT hub) and policies are now key factors.
Possible exam questions and answers:
1. Question: What was the main reason for settlements being located on river banks in ancient times?
Answer: Availability of water and fertile land.
2. Question: What is the main basis of the Smart City Mission?
Answer: Modern technology and digital development.