SSC Selection Post 2022 PYQ — Question 9

Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.
According to legend, ancient Rome was founded by the two brothers, and demigods Romulus
and Remus on 21 April 753 BCE. The legend claims that in an argument over who would rule
the city (or, in another version, where the city would be located) Romulus killed Remus and
named the city after himself. This story of the founding of Rome is the best known but it is not
the only one.
Other legends claim the city was named after a woman, Roma who travelled with Aeneas and
the other survivors from Troy after that city fell. Upon landing on the banks of the Tiber River,
Roma and the other women objected when the men wanted to move on. She led the women
in the burning of the Trojan ships and so effectively stranded the Trojan survivors at the site
which would eventually become Rome. Aeneas of Troy is featured in this legend and also,
famously, in Virgil's Aeneid, as a founder of Rome and the ancestor of Romulus and Remus,
thus linking Rome with the grandeur and might which was once Troy.
Still other theories concerning the name of the famous city suggest it came from Rumon, the
ancient name for the Tiber River, and was simply a name given to the small trading centre
established on its banks or that the name was derived from an Etruscan word, which could
have designated one of their settlements.
Originally a small town on the banks of the Tiber, Rome grew in size and strength, early on,
through trade. The location of the city provided merchants with an easily navigable waterway
on which to traffic their goods. The city was ruled by seven kings, from Romulus to Tarquin, as
it grew in size and power. Greek culture and civilisation, which came to Rome via Greek
colonies to the south, provided the early Romans with a model on which to build their own
culture. From the Greeks they borrowed literacy and religion as well as the fundamentals of
architecture.
The Etruscans, to the north, provided a model for trade and urban luxury. Etruria was also
well situated for trade and the early Romans either learned the skills of trade from Etruscan
example or were taught directly by the Etruscans who made incursions into the area around
Rome sometime between 650 and 600 BCE (although their influence was felt much earlier).
The extent of the role the Etruscan civilisation played in the development of Roman culture
and society is debated but there seems little doubt they had a significant impact at an early
stage.