SSC MTS 2022 PYQ — Question 27

The correct answer is option 3 i.e. Lord Curzon

British viceroy in India, Lord Curzon, carried out the Partition of Bengal, (1905) despite strong Indian nationalist opposition.

•  It was a territorial reorganization of the Bengal Presidency implemented by the authorities of the British Raj. The reorganization separated largely Muslim eastern areas from the largely Hindu western areas.

Reactions of the partition-

• The people saw through the divide-and-rule policy of the British authorities.
• The chief aim of such a partition was only to create a rift between the two communities and hamper unity and nationalism in the country.
• The Swadeshi and Boycott movements in the national struggle started as a result of this partition.
• People started boycotting British goods which had flooded the Indian market and dealt a blow to the indigenous industry.

Additional Information-

1. The partition of Bengal was annulled in 1911 by Lard Hardinge. It was done in response to the Swadeshi movement's riots in protest against the policy.
2. The Gandhi–Irwin Pact was a political agreement signed by Mahatma Gandhi and Lord Irwin, Viceroy of India, on March 5, 1931. It marked the end of a period of civil disobedience (satyagraha) in India against British rule that Gandhi and his followers had initiated with the Salt March.
3. Lord Lytton - In 1878, he approved the Vernacular Press Act.