Which year is considered the approximate composition period of the Natya Shastra, the earliest known treatise on Indian music and dance?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A
Explanation
Correct Answer
200 BCE
Explanation
The Natya Shastra, attributed to the ancient sage Bharata Muni, does not have an exact definitive date of composition, but historical consensus places its compilation period around 200 BCE to 200 CE. Therefore, 200 BCE is considered the approximate beginning of its composition period. It is a monumental Sanskrit treatise covering all aspects of performing arts, including classical Indian drama, dance, music, and aesthetics.
Key Points
The text consists of 36 chapters and roughly 6000 poetic verses, thoroughly codifying theatrical production, acting techniques, and expressions.
It is traditionally referred to as the 'Fifth Veda' because it integrates elements from the four existing Vedas: words from the Rigveda, music from the Samaveda, gestures from the Yajurveda, and emotions from the Atharaveda.
The musical theories discussed in the Natya Shastra laid the structural foundation for both Hindustani and Carnatic classical music traditions.
Important Questions and Answers
Question: Who is the author of the ancient treatise Natya Shastra?
Answer: The Natya Shastra is written and compiled by the ancient sage Bharata Muni.
Question: Why is the Natya Shastra historically referred to as the Fifth Veda?
Answer: It is called the Fifth Veda because it combined text, music, gestures, and aesthetics from the four traditional Vedas to create an accessible art form for all people.