Which ruler was the founder of the Nanda Dynasty?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
Explanation
The correct answer is Option 3: Mahapadma Nanda.
Explanation:
- The Nanda dynasty was founded by Mahapadma Nanda. He was an extremely powerful ruler in the history of ancient India who significantly expanded the Magadha Empire.
- Titles: In the Puranas, he is adorned with titles such as 'Sarvakshatrantaka' (Destroyer of all Kshatriyas) and 'Ekarat' (Sole Sovereign). He is also referred to as the 'Second Parashurama'.
- Imperial Expansion: He extended the boundaries of Magadha far and wide by conquering several kingdoms across North India. He commanded a massive army, comprising a large number of elephants alongside infantry soldiers.
- Background: Mahapadma Nanda seized power by assassinating Nandi Vardhana (or Mahanandin), the last ruler of the Shishunaga dynasty.
Analysis of Other Options (Quick Revision):
- Dhanananda (Option 2): He was the last ruler of the Nanda dynasty. It was during his reign that Alexander invaded India. Chandragupta Maurya, with the assistance of Chanakya, defeated him and established the Maurya dynasty.
- Ashoka (Option 1): He was the greatest ruler of the Maurya dynasty, renowned for his 'Dhamma' policy and his rock edicts.
- Chandragupta Maurya (Option 4): He brought an end to the Nanda dynasty and laid the foundation of the Maurya Empire.
Important Questions for Upcoming Examinations:
Question: Who was the last ruler of the Nanda dynasty?
Answer: Dhanananda.
Question: Which ruler of Magadha was also known by the name 'Ugrasena'?
Answer: Mahapadma Nanda (according to Buddhist texts).
Question: Who was the ruler of Magadha at the time of Alexander's invasion?
Answer: Dhanananda.