Which river is the main source of water for the Hirakud Dam?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A
Explanation
Answer: Mahanadi River
Explanation
The Hirakud Dam is built across the Mahanadi River in the state of Odisha. It is a multipurpose project designed for flood control, irrigation, and power generation. Constructed shortly after India's independence, it was one of the first major river valley projects in the country.
The dam is located about 15 kilometers from Sambalpur. It serves as a vital resource for the agricultural belt of Odisha, helping to mitigate the devastating floods that the Mahanadi used to cause in the delta region, earning it the nickname 'Sorrow of Odisha' in the past.
Key Facts for Exams
Longest Dam: Hirakud is recognized as one of the longest earthen dams in the world. The main dam has a length of 4.8 km, while the entire structure (including dykes) stretches over 25 km.
Location: Sambalpur district, Odisha.
Year of Completion: Construction began in 1947 and was formally inaugurated by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru in 1957.
Mahanadi River Origin: The river originates from the Sihawa mountains in the Dhamtari district of Chhattisgarh.
Major Tributaries: Seonath, Hasdeo, Mand, Ib (left bank); Ong, Tel, Jonk (right bank).
Gandhi Minar and Nehru Minar: These are two observation towers at the dam site that provide a panoramic view of the reservoir.
Exam-Related Practice Questions
Q: Apart from Hirakud, name another major dam or project located on the Mahanadi river system.
Answer: Ravishankar Sagar (Gangrel Dam) in Chhattisgarh.
Q: In which mountain range does the Mahanadi River originate?
Answer: Sihawa mountains in the Bastar plateau/Dhamtari (Chhattisgarh).