Which of the following powers granted under the Criminal Procedure (Identification) Act, 2022 extends beyond the scope of its predecessor, the Identification of Prisoners Act, 1920?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A
Explanation
Answer: Permitting collection of biometric and biological data
Explanation: The Criminal Procedure (Identification) Act, 2022 significantly expands the scope of data collection compared to the earlier Identification of Prisoners Act, 1920.
The 1920 Act was limited mainly to fingerprints, footprints, and photographs.
The 2022 Act allows authorities to collect biometric and biological data, including:
Fingerprints
Palm prints
Footprints
Iris and retina scans
Biological samples (like blood, semen, hair, etc.)
Behavioural attributes (signature, handwriting, etc.)
This broader scope makes Option 1 correct.
Additional Key Points:
Applies to convicts, arrested persons, and even certain other individuals as directed by magistrates
Data can be collected by police and prison authorities
Aims to improve criminal investigation and identification accuracy
Data is stored in the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) database
Raises concerns about privacy and fundamental rights under Article 21
Potential Exam-Oriented Questions & Answers:
Question: What is the main purpose of the 2022 Act?
Answer: To expand and modernize criminal identification methods
Question: What types of data can be collected under the new Act?
Answer: Biometric and biological data