Which of the following pairs is associated with the taxation system of the Marathas?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B
Explanation
The correct answer is option 2 i.e. Chauth and Sardeshmukhi.
The correct pair associated with the Maratha taxation system is Chauth and Sardeshmukhi.
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Chauth was a 25% tax levied on neighboring territories as protection money to avoid Maratha raids.
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Sardeshmukhi was an additional 10% tax claimed by the Maratha ruler as the supreme head of the region.
Other Options:
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Zat and Sawar – These were Mughal ranking systems for nobles, denoting salary and military obligations.
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Polaj and Parauti – These were land revenue terms under the Mughals, classifying cultivated and fallow lands.
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Iqta and Jagir – These were revenue assignment systems under the Delhi Sultanate and Mughals, where officials collected taxes in exchange for administrative duties.
Thus, Chauth and Sardeshmukhi were unique to the Maratha fiscal system.