Which of the following crop is associated with dryland farming?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: D
Explanation
The correct answer is Option 4: Ragi.
Explanation:
Dry farming is practiced in regions where rainfall is very scarce (typically less than 75 cm) and irrigation facilities are limited. Ragi is the most suitable crop for this type of cultivation.
Characteristics of Ragi: It is an extremely hardy crop that can survive even with minimal water, high temperatures, and poor soil conditions. It possesses a tremendous capacity to withstand drought.
Regions: In India, Ragi is widely cultivated in Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and parts of Rajasthan.
Other Dryland Crops: Bajra (Pearl Millet), Jowar (Sorghum), Gram (Chickpea), and Guar (Cluster Bean) also fall under the category of dryland crops.
Analysis of Other Options (Why are these crops not associated with dry farming?):
- Rice (Option 1): This is a 'water-intensive' crop that requires a significant amount of water and standing water (submergence).
- Sugarcane (Option 2): This is a cash crop that requires continuous irrigation and moisture over a prolonged period.
- Jute (Option 3): Known as the 'Golden Fibre,' it thrives in regions with heavy rainfall and a humid climate (such as West Bengal).
- Key Features of Dry Farming (Quick Revision):
- Moisture Conservation: Special techniques (such as mulching) are employed to conserve soil moisture.
- Mixed Cropping: Two or more crops are often grown simultaneously in the same field to mitigate risks.
- Short-Duration Crops: Crops are selected that mature and are ready for harvest within a relatively short timeframe.
Important Questions for Upcoming Examinations:
Question: Which state in India has the largest area under 'dry farming'?
Answer: Rajasthan.
Question: Why are 'Millets' referred to as 'Superfoods'? Answer: Because they are rich in nutrients (calcium, iron) and are tolerant to climate change.
Question: Where is the Central Arid Zone Research Institute (CAZRI) located?
Answer: Jodhpur, Rajasthan.