Which of the following combinations correctly matches the vitamin with its function and deficiency disorder?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
Explanation
Correct Answer
Vitamin B₁₂ – Aids nerve function and red blood cell formation – Deficiency causes Pernicious anaemia
Explanation
Vitamin B₁₂ (cobalamin) is an essential water-soluble vitamin that plays a critical role in maintaining healthy nerve tissues and is vital for the synthesis of DNA and red blood cells. A deficiency in Vitamin B₁₂ prevents the body from producing sufficient healthy red blood cells, leading to a condition known as Pernicious anaemia (or megaloblastic anaemia). Symptoms often include fatigue, nerve damage, and cognitive issues.
Key Points
Vitamin A: Primarily responsible for maintaining good vision, skin health, and immune function. Deficiency causes Night blindness and Xerophthalmia.
Vitamin D: Essential for calcium absorption and bone health. Deficiency causes Rickets (in children) or Osteomalacia (in adults).
Vitamin C: Necessary for collagen synthesis and immune support. Deficiency leads to Scurvy, characterized by bleeding gums and poor wound healing.
Important Questions and Answers
Question: Why are Vitamins A, D, E, and K classified differently from Vitamins B and C?
Answer: Vitamins A, D, E, and K are fat-soluble, meaning they are stored in the body's fatty tissues. Vitamins B and C are water-soluble and must be replenished regularly as they are excreted through urine.
Question: What is the primary role of Vitamin K in the body?
Answer: Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of proteins required for blood coagulation (clotting).