SSC CHSL 2025 PYQ — Question 78

The correct answer is Option 2: 44th Amendment Act, 1978.
Explanation:

• A very significant change was introduced to the provisions regarding National Emergency (Article 352) through the 44th Amendment Act (1978) of the Indian Constitution. This amendment replaced the term 'Internal Disturbance' with the term 'Armed Rebellion.'
• Background: In 1975, an Emergency was imposed by the Indira Gandhi government on the grounds of 'Internal Disturbance.' The Morarji Desai-led Janata Party government introduced this change to prevent the misuse of emergency powers in the future.
• Significance: Now, an Emergency cannot be imposed solely on the basis of general unrest or protests; the existence of an actual armed rebellion is a prerequisite for doing so.
• Other Provisions: This same amendment also made it mandatory that the President can declare an Emergency only upon receiving a written recommendation from the Cabinet.

Emergency and Key Amendments (Quick Revision):

• As you prepare for exams such as UP SI, SSC CGL, and RRB, these facts are frequently asked:
• National Emergency: Article 352. It has been imposed in India three times so far (1962, 1971, 1975).
• 42nd Amendment (1976): Often referred to as the 'Mini Constitution.' It granted extensive powers to the government during the Emergency period.
• 44th Amendment (1978): This amendment reversed several undemocratic changes introduced by the 42nd Amendment and removed the Right to Property from the list of Fundamental Rights, reclassifying it as a Legal Right (Article 300A).

Important Questions for Upcoming Exams:
Question: Under which Article is a Financial Emergency imposed?
Answer: Article 360 ​​(It has not been imposed in India even once to date).
Question: Under which Article is 'President's Rule' imposed in the states? Answer: Article 356.
Question: Which Fundamental Rights cannot be suspended during an Emergency?
Answer: Articles 20 and 21 (protected by the 44th Amendment).