Which Maratha ruler founded the Maratha Empire in 1674, proclaiming himself Chhatrapati?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
Explanation
Answer: Shivaji
Explanation: The Shivaji founded the Maratha Empire and was formally crowned as Chhatrapati in 1674 at Raigad Fort. He established a strong and efficient administrative and military system based on guerrilla warfare tactics, which enabled the Marathas to resist Mughal expansion and lay the foundation of an independent Hindu kingdom in western India.
Additional Key Points:
Shivaji built a strong navy and promoted coastal defense.
His capital was at Raigad Fort after coronation.
He implemented efficient administrative reforms like Ashta Pradhan (Council of Eight Ministers).
He emphasized religious tolerance and protection of women.
The Maratha Empire later expanded under leaders like Bajirao I.
Potential Exam-Oriented Questions & Answers:
Question: What administrative system was introduced by Shivaji?
Answer: Ashta Pradhan
Question: Which warfare technique is Shivaji known for?
Answer: Guerrilla warfare