Which 7th-century mathematician and astronomer revolutionized the study of numbers?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
Explanation
The correct answer is Option 3: Brahmagupta.
Explanation:
Brahmagupta, a great Indian mathematician and astronomer of the 7th century, revolutionized the study of mathematics and numbers. He was born in Bhinmal (Jalore district) in Rajasthan—a fact that holds significant importance for competitive examinations within your home state of Rajasthan.
His major contributions are as follows:
- Rules of Zero: Brahmagupta was the first mathematician to formulate rules for performing calculations involving zero. He stated that subtracting a number from itself results in zero.
- *Brahmasphutasiddhanta*: This is his most renowned work (c. 628 CE), in which he described the principles of algebra, geometry, and astronomy in great detail.
- Negative Numbers: He explained the concept of negative numbers as 'Rin' (Debt) and positive numbers as 'Dhan' (Fortune).
- Early Concept of Gravity: He noted that the Earth attracts objects towards itself—a concept articulated long before Newton's laws of gravity.
Analysis of Other Options (Quick Revision):
- Patanjali (Option 1): He was the compiler of the *Yoga Sutras* and a distinguished grammarian. He is regarded as the 'Father of Yoga.'
- Salim Ali (Option 2): He is known as the 'Birdman of India.' He was a renowned ornithologist and naturalist. Rajasthan's Keoladeo National Park (Bharatpur) is deeply associated with his work.
- Shrikrishna (Option 4): This option is not relevant in a historical-scientific context, but rather within a religious and cultural context.
Important Question for Upcoming Examinations:
Question: In which place in Rajasthan was Brahmagupta born?
Answer: Bhinmal (Jalore). Question: Who was the first person to use 'zero' as a distinct number and formulate its mathematical rules?
Answer: Brahmagupta.
Question: Who provided the formula for the area of a cyclic quadrilateral?
Answer: Brahmagupta.