Where did the Gaddi tribe's shepherds live in the fourteenth century?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A
Explanation
The correct answer is Option 1: Western Himalayas.
Explanation:
During the 14th century and the surrounding period, the primary habitat of the Gaddi pastoral tribe was the Western Himalayan region.
• Region: This tribe primarily inhabited the hilly tracts of present-day Himachal Pradesh (specifically the Chamba and Kangra districts).
• Lifestyle: The Gaddi pastoralists were primarily semi-nomadic. They practiced seasonal migration.
• Seasonal Migration: During the winter months, they resided with their livestock in the lower hills of the Shivaliks; with the onset of summer, they would move towards the higher pastures (known as 'Dhar').
Major Tribes and Their Regions (For Revision):
During the medieval period, several powerful tribes held influence across various parts of India; these are frequently featured in examinations:
| Tribe | Region |
|---|---|
| Khokhar and Gakkhar | Punjab (North-West) |
| Langah and Arghun | Multan and Sindh |
| Bhil | Western and Central India (Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh) |
| Gond | Gondwana (Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra) |
| Ahom | Northeast India (Assam) |
| Naga and Ahom | Northeast India |
Additional Information (For Exams):
1. Social Structure: The social and cultural framework of the Gaddi tribe is deeply intertwined with Hindu traditions and the worship of Lord Shiva.
2. Transhumance: This seasonal migration practiced by the Gaddis is referred to in geography as 'Ritu Pravas' (seasonal migration) or 'Transhumance'.
Potential Questions for Upcoming Exams:
Question: Which tribe was most influential in the Punjab region during the medieval period?
Answer: The Khokhar (followed later by the Gakkhar).
Question: In which historical text is the powerful kingdom of the 'Gond' tribe described?
Answer: The *Akbarnama* (authored by Abul Fazl).
Question: To which modern Indian state do the Gaddi tribes primarily belong?
Answer: Himachal Pradesh.