What was the new capital founded by Sawai Raja Jai Singh of Amber?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A
Explanation
The correct answer is Option 1: Jaipur.
Explanation:
- Jaipur was the new capital established by Sawai Jai Singh II, the illustrious ruler of Amer (Amber).
- Establishment: The city of Jaipur was founded on November 18, 1727. A need for a well-organized and modern city was felt in light of the growing population and water scarcity in Amer.
- Architect: The principal architect of this city was Vidyadhar Bhattacharya from Bengal. Jaipur is considered India's first 'planned city,' laid out according to the principles of *Vastu Shastra* and astronomy.
- The Pink City: Originally, the city was colored white and light yellow; however, in 1876, to welcome the Prince of Wales, Maharaja Ram Singh II had the entire city painted in an ochre (pink) hue.
Other Important Facts about Sawai Jai Singh II:
- Jantar Mantar: Driven by his interest in astronomy, he commissioned the construction of five observatories—in Jaipur, Delhi, Ujjain, Varanasi, and Mathura. The Jantar Mantar in Jaipur is included in UNESCO's World Heritage List.
- Title: He was bestowed the title of 'Sawai' by the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb.
- Literature: He commissioned the compilation of texts such as *Zij Muhammad Shahi* (a set of astronomical tables) and *Jai Singh Karika*.
Important Questions for Upcoming Examinations:
Question: When was the foundation of the city of Jaipur laid?
Answer: November 18, 1727.
Question: Who was the architect of Jaipur?
Answer: Vidyadhar Bhattacharya.
Question: How many observatories did Sawai Jai Singh construct?
Answer: Five.