What name did the ancient Greeks use to refer to the region around the Indus River?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B
Explanation
- The ancient Greeks and Iranians established contact with India from the northwest approximately 2,500 years ago.
- They were well acquainted with the 'Sindhu' river.
- The Greeks referred to this river as 'Indos' or 'Indus' and designated the land situated to the east of this river—along with its inhabitants—by the names 'Indoi' or 'Indike'. It is from this very Greek term that the modern name 'India' eventually originated.
Key Points:
- Iranian (Persian) Influence: The ancient Iranians pronounced the letter 's' as 'h'; consequently, the word 'Sindhu' transformed into 'Hindu', and the region came to be known as 'Hind' or 'Hindustan'.
- Indica: The famous book written by the Greek ambassador Megasthenes regarding India was also titled 'Indica', a name inspired by this very Greek term.
- Bharat: In ancient times, this name was used to refer to a specific group of people (the Bharata tribe) inhabiting the northwest; its earliest mention is found in the Rigveda.
Important Questions for Upcoming Examinations:
Question: In whose court did the Greek ambassador Megasthenes arrive in India?
Answer: Chandragupta Maurya.
Question: The origin of the terms 'Hind' or 'Hindustan' is primarily associated with which ancient invaders/traders?
Answer: The Iranians (Persians).
Question: Which book, authored by Megasthenes, divides the Indian society of that era into seven classes?
Answer: Indica.