What is the process called when organisms acquire oxygen from outside the body to break down food sources?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A
Explanation
The correct answer is Option 1 (Respiration).
The explanation and key points provided below will assist you in understanding this process in detail:
Main Explanation:
Respiration is a biochemical process in which organisms take in oxygen from outside the body and utilize it within their cells to break down food sources (primarily glucose). As a result of this process, the body obtains the energy required for its functions, and carbon dioxide (CO2) is released as a byproduct.
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Key Points:
• Equation of the Process: The chemical process of respiration can be represented as follows:
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy (ATP)
• Form of Energy: The energy released during this process is stored within the cells in the form of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate), which is also referred to as the 'energy currency of the cell.'
• Site: Within the cell, this process primarily takes place in the mitochondria.
Analysis of Other Options:
• Digestion: This is the process of breaking down complex food substances into simpler, absorbable forms; it does not involve the production of energy through oxygen.
• Photosynthesis: This process is the exact opposite of respiration, wherein plants produce food (glucose) from CO2 and water in the presence of sunlight.
• Fermentation: This is the process of breaking down food by microorganisms in the absence of oxygen (a type of anaerobic respiration).
Important Questions for Upcoming Examinations:
• Question: Which cellular organelle is known as the 'Powerhouse of the Cell'?
o Answer: Mitochondria.
• Question: In which part of the lungs does the exchange of gases occur in the human body?
o Answer: Alveoli.
• Question: Which acid accumulates in the muscles during anaerobic respiration, leading to a sensation of fatigue? Answer: Lactic acid.