SSC Selection Post 2025 PYQ — Question 10

Correct Answer

Population

Explanation

The allocation of seats to different states in the Lok Sabha (the Lower House of India's Parliament) is determined fundamentally on the basis of population. According to Article 81 of the Constitution of India, seats are distributed among the states in such a manner that the ratio between the number of seats allotted to each state and the population of that state is, so far as practicable, the same across all states. This ensures uniform democratic representation where more populous states receive a higher number of representatives.

To maintain political stability and prevent states that successfully implemented family planning measures from losing parliamentary representation, this allocation was frozen. The 42nd Amendment Act of 1976 froze the seat allocation based on the 1971 census data. This freeze was subsequently extended until the year 2026 by the 84th Amendment Act of 2001, meaning that the current distribution of Lok Sabha seats among the states continues to reflect their 1971 population proportions.

Key Points

While population serves as the constitutional baseline for parliamentary seat distribution, other parameters like geographical area, economic contribution, and literacy rates carry no weight in this formula. A larger geographical territory does not equate to more seats, ensuring that representation remains focused on citizens rather than land mass. Similarly, a state's industrial revenue output or its demographic literacy levels are excluded from the allocation framework to safeguard uniform democratic equity.

Important Questions and Answers

Question: Which specific census year's population data is currently used to determine the allocation of seats to states in the Lok Sabha?

Answer: 1971 Census.

Question: Which constitutional amendment extended the freeze on the allocation of Lok Sabha seats to states until the year 2026?

Answer: 84th Amendment Act, 2001.