What does an alpha particle represent in the process of alpha decay?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B
Explanation
The correct answer is option 2 i.e. Helium.
An alpha particle in the process of alpha decay represents a helium nucleus released from an unstable radioactive atom. It consists of two protons and two neutrons, giving it a positive charge of +2.
During alpha decay, the nucleus of a heavy element such as uranium or radium becomes unstable and emits this alpha particle to gain stability. As a result, the atomic number of the parent atom decreases by 2, and its mass number decreases by 4. Alpha particles have low penetrating power and can be stopped by a sheet of paper or human skin, but they can still be harmful if inhaled or swallowed. This process helps radioactive elements transform into more stable nuclei over time.