What are the temporary finger-like extensions of the cell surface used by Amoeba to take in food called?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: D
Explanation
The correct answer is Option 4: Pseudopodia.
Explanation:
The Amoeba is a unicellular organism in which the process of nutrition is quite fascinating.
Pseudopodia: The Amoeba extends temporary, finger-like projections from the surface of its cell; these are known as 'pseudopodia' (or 'false feet').
Ingestion of Food: These pseudopodia surround food particles and fuse together to form a 'food vacuole.' In this manner, the Amoeba takes food inside its body.
Meaning: The term 'pseudopodia' literally means 'false feet' (Pseudo = false, Podia = feet), as these structures are formed only during the processes of food ingestion or locomotion.
Analysis of Other Options:
Flagella: This is a long, whip-like structure that assists certain bacteria or protozoa (such as *Euglena*) in locomotion.
Cilia: These are tiny, hair-like structures found on the surface of organisms like *Paramecium* that aid them in movement.
Vacuole: An empty space within the cell where food is digested or waste materials are stored.
Additional Facts:
- Holozoic Nutrition: The Amoeba exhibits 'holozoic' nutrition.
- Digestive Process: Inside the food vacuole, complex substances are broken down into simpler substances, which then diffuse into the cytoplasm.
- Elimination of Waste: The remaining waste material moves toward the cell surface and is expelled from the body.
Potential Questions for Upcoming Exams:
Question: In which part of the cell does the digestion of food occur in an Amoeba?
Answer: In the food vacuole.
Question: Which organism possesses 'cilia' covering its entire body to assist in locomotion? Answer: Paramecium.
Question: What is this entire process of food intake by the Amoeba called in scientific terminology?
Answer: Endocytosis or Phagocytosis.