Three statements are given, followed by three conclusions numbered I, II, and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
All pencils are erasers.
All pens are erasers.
All erasers are scales.
Conclusions:
I. All pens are scales.
II. All erasers are pencils.
III. Some erasers are pens.
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: D
Explanation
The correct answer is Option 4 i.e. Only conclusions I and III follow.
The least possible Venn Diagram for the given statements is drawn below:
Conclusions:
I. All pens are scales → True (As all pens are erasers, and all erasers are scales, so, all pens are scales is also true.)
II. All erasers are pencils → False (It is possible, but no definite conclusion can be drawn.)
III. Some erasers are pens → True (As all pens are erasers, so, some erasers are pens is also true.)
Hence, Only conclusions I and III follow.