SSC Stenographer 2026 PYQ — Question 28

Solution: The correct answer is (C) Lack of agricultural employment.
Explanation:
☛ Migration in India is predominantly driven by two broad categories of forces: Push factors and Pull factors.
☛ Push factors operate in rural areas, compelling people to leave their native places due to poverty, lack of agricultural employment, low wages, and land fragmentation.
☛ According to Census 2011, economic reasons, specifically Work/Employment, are the primary driver of rural-to-urban migration, especially among male migrants.
☛ Rapid population growth and stagnation in the rural agricultural sector create disguised unemployment, forcing workers to move to urban centers in search of livelihood.
Extra Exam-Relevant Facts:
☛ Overall Migration: According to Census 2011, around 45.6 crore Indians (37% of the total population) were counted as internal migrants.
☛ Female Migration: Marriage is the single largest reason for migration overall in India, accounting for the vast majority of female migration.
☛ Migration Streams: Internal migration occurs across four major streams: Rural-to-Rural, Rural-to-Urban, Urban-to-Urban, and Urban-to-Rural.
☛ Largest Stream: The Rural-to-Rural stream remains the largest in terms of sheer numbers, heavily dominated by women post-marriage.
☛ Top Destination State: Maharashtra recorded the highest number of net in-migrants as per Census 2011, followed by Delhi.
Important One-Liners for Upcoming Exams:
☛ What is the primary reason for overall female migration in India as per Census 2011? → Marriage
☛ Which migration stream accounts for the largest proportion of internal migrants in India? → Rural-to-Rural
☛ What term is given to conditions like poverty and unemployment that compel people to leave their place of origin? → Push factors
☛ In which Census was the question on 'reasons for migration' introduced for the first time in India? → 1981 Census
☛ Which state had the highest number of net out-migrants as per Census 2011? → Uttar Pradesh