The "Rowlatt Acts" of 1919 faced intense opposition from Indian nationalists for undermining fundamental legal principles.
What was the most objectionable aspect of these Acts?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
Explanation
Answer: The government is permitted to detain individuals without trial based on suspicion of revolutionary activities.
Explanation:
The Rowlatt Act (1919) also referred to as the 'Black Act' had the primary objective of suppressing the growing revolutionary activities in India. The most controversial provision of this law was that the government could imprison any individual for up to two years solely on the basis of suspicion, without a warrant, without legal counsel, and without a trial. Indians dubbed this law the "No Plead, No Vakil (Lawyer), No Appeal" Act. It was during a public gathering held in protest against this very law that the horrific Jallianwala Bagh Massacre took place in Amritsar, Punjab.
Additional Key Facts:
Chairman: The committee was chaired by Sir Sidney Rowlatt.
Mahatma Gandhi's Reaction: In protest against the Act, Gandhiji launched the 'Rowlatt Satyagraha' and challenged the legislation through a nationwide strike.
Consequences: This law engendered deep mistrust among Indian nationalists toward British rule, thereby paving the way for the Non-Cooperation Movement.
Potential Exam Questions and Answers:
Question: During the tenure of which Viceroy was the Rowlatt Act passed?
Answer: Lord Chelmsford.
Question: Which law was referred to as the "No Lawyer, No Appeal, No Plead" Act?
Answer: The Rowlatt Act.