The operation of a satellite launch vehicle is based on which of the following?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
Explanation
The correct answer is Option 3: Newton's Third Law of Motion.
Explanation:
- The operation of a Satellite Launch Vehicle (Rocket) is primarily based on Newton's Third Law of Motion.
- What is the law? Newton's Third Law states that 'Every action has an equal and opposite reaction.'
- How does this work in a rocket? 1. As fuel burns within the rocket's engine, high-pressure gases are expelled downward (backward) at very high speeds. This constitutes the 'Action'.
- Conversely, these gases exert an upward force on the rocket, known as 'Thrust'. This constitutes the 'Reaction'.
- It is due to this reaction force that the rocket overcomes gravity and ascends into space.
- Principle of Conservation of Momentum: The launch of a rocket is also based on the Principle of Conservation of Linear Momentum.
Analysis of Other Options (Quick Revision):
- Newton's First Law (Option 1): Also known as the 'Law of Inertia'. It provides the definition of force. Example: A passenger leaning forward when a moving bus comes to a sudden halt.
- Newton's Second Law (Option 2): It provides the formula for measuring force ($F = ma$) and explains the rate of change of momentum. Example: A cricket player pulling their hands backward while catching a ball.
- Archimedes' Principle (Option 4): This relates to 'Buoyancy' and explains why an object floats or sinks in water.
Important Questions for Upcoming Exams:
Question: On which principle does a rocket operate? Answer: The Principle of Conservation of Momentum (and Newton's Third Law).
Question: Which of Newton's laws is referred to as the Law of Inertia?
Answer: The First Law.
Question: From which of Newton's laws is the expression for force ($F = ma$) derived?
Answer: The Second Law.