The focus areas of the first and second five-year plans were:
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A
Explanation
The correct answer is Option 1 i.e. Agriculture and Industry sectors.
The First Five-Year Plan (1951–56) mainly focused on agriculture, irrigation, and power, as India faced food shortages and needed to strengthen the rural economy. Its aim was to boost agricultural production and lay the foundation for industrial growth. The Second Five-Year Plan (1956–61) shifted focus to industrialization, especially heavy industries, steel, and machine building, following the Mahalanobis model. It emphasized rapid industrial development, expansion of the public sector, and creation of infrastructure to support long-term economic self-reliance and balanced growth.