The famous Sanchi Stupa is associated with which ancient architectural tradition?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
Explanation
Correct Answer
Buddhist
Explanation
The famous Sanchi Stupa is one of the oldest and most significant monuments of ancient Indian Buddhist architecture. Located in Sanchi, Madhya Pradesh, it was originally commissioned by the Mauryan Emperor Ashoka the Great in the 3rd century BCE to preserve and honor the relics of Lord Buddha.
The structure represents the classic evolution of early Buddhist stupas, transitioning from a simple hemispherical earthen mound containing sacred relics to a grand stone complex. The other architectural traditions mentioned in the options are distinct. Hindu and Jain traditions built magnificent ancient temples with separate design philosophies, while Mughal architecture emerged centuries later during the medieval period, combining Islamic, Persian, and Indian styles.
Key Points
The Great Stupa at Sanchi is highly celebrated for its four beautifully carved stone gateways, known as Toranas, which face all four cardinal directions.
The reliefs and carvings on these Toranas intricately depict various Jataka tales, which narrative stories of the previous births of Gautama Buddha, alongside significant events from his final life.
An iconic architectural element of the Sanchi Stupa is the Harmika, a square railing-like structure at the very top of the dome, which holds a central pillar supporting three tiered umbrellas, known as Chattras, symbolizing the Three Jewels of Buddhism: the Buddha, the Dhamma (teachings), and the Sangha (community).
Additional Facts
Recognizing its exceptional cultural, artistic, and historical value, UNESCO designated the Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi as a World Heritage Site in 1989.
To honor its place in national heritage, the Reserve Bank of India features a prominent motif of the Sanchi Stupa on the reverse side of the 200-rupee currency note.
Important Questions and Answers
Question: Which ancient Mauryan Emperor originally commissioned the construction of the Great Stupa at Sanchi?
Answer: Emperor Ashoka the Great commissioned its initial construction in the 3rd century BCE.
Question: What are the beautifully carved gateways of the Sanchi Stupa called, and what do their carvings primarily depict?
Answer: The gateways are called Toranas, and their detailed carvings primarily depict scenes from the Jataka tales and events from the life of Lord Buddha.