Statement 1 Diastrophism includes all processes that move, elevate, or build up portions of the Earth's crust.
Statement 2: Exogenic processes derive their energy from the atmosphere, influenced by solar energy and tectonic gradients.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A
Explanation
Answer: Only Statement 1 is correct
Explanation
Geomorphic processes are classified into two main categories: Endogenic (internal) and Exogenic (external).
Statement 1 is correct: Diastrophism is a major endogenic process. It refers to all processes that move, elevate, or build up portions of the earth’s crust. It includes:
Orogenic processes: Mountain building through severe folding and affecting long, narrow belts of the earth's crust.
Epeirogenic processes: Uplift or warping of large parts of the earth's crust.
Earthquakes and Plate Tectonics: Involving local or minor movements.
Statement 2 is incorrect: While exogenic processes (like weathering, erosion, and deposition) do derive energy from the atmosphere (climate) and are determined by solar energy, they do not derive energy from tectonic gradients. Instead, they are influenced by gravity and the gradient (slope) created by tectonic factors. The primary source of energy for exogenic processes is solar radiation, which drives the atmospheric movements and the water cycle.
Key Facts for Exams
Endogenic Forces: Forces coming from within the earth (e.g., volcanism, diastrophism). They are mainly land-building forces.
Exogenic Forces: Forces acting on the surface of the earth (e.g., weathering, mass wasting, erosion). They are mainly land-wearing or leveling forces.
Exam-Related Practice Questions
Q: Which type of geomorphic process is responsible for the formation of the Himalayas?
Answer: Orogenic processes (a part of Diastrophism).
Q: What is the primary source of energy for all exogenic geomorphic processes?
Answer: Solar Energy (Sunlight).