Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions based on the passage:
Marxism can be defined as a political, social, and cultural ideology that helps us understand literature and as a literary critical approach; it differs from other approaches to our study of literature. In other words, whatever we think, feel, or believe while living in a society becomes a necessary part of that society and, under a specific system of production and distribution, that society exerts immense pressure on its members to mould them. Classes of people, the haves and have-nots, constantly clash with one another and strive to establish or retain their supremacy in the structure they operate. Marxism holds that class struggle is the essence of society. At the philosophical level, Marxism provides investigative-analytical methods that are superior, objective, and scientific to study and assess the phenomena of his-tory. Marxism makes us aware that society is a living entity with constantly changing realities; growth and development are outcomes of important conflicts taking place between groups, sections, and classes of people.
What is Marxism’s perspective on how society develops?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: D
Explanation
The passage provides several key points that lead directly to this conclusion:
The text explicitly states, "Marxism holds that class struggle is the essence of society."
It describes classes (the "haves" and "have-nots") as entities that "constantly clash with one another and strive to establish or retain their supremacy."
The final sentence confirms the answer: "growth and development are outcomes of important conflicts taking place between groups, sections, and classes of people."
Option ‘D’ is the correct answer.