SSC CPO 2025 PYQ — Question 97

Answer: Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:

• Assertion (A) is true: The Green Revolution led to the creation of regional imbalances in India. Its benefits were not distributed uniformly across the entire country. States such as Punjab, Haryana, and Western Uttar Pradesh witnessed tremendous agricultural growth, while states like Bihar, Odisha, and Madhya Pradesh lagged behind.
• Reason (R) is true and serves as the correct explanation: The success of the Green Revolution depended on High-Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds, chemical fertilizers, and—most importantly—assured irrigation. Initially, the government implemented these technologies only in those regions where irrigation facilities were already superior (such as Punjab and Haryana). This selective approach widened the developmental gap between these states and the rest of India.

Additional Points:

• Pioneers: M.S. Swaminathan is considered the father of the Green Revolution in India, whereas Norman Borlaug is credited with this distinction at the global level.
• Impact on Crops: The primary beneficiaries were wheat and rice crops, while the positive impact on the cultivation of pulses (legumes) and oilseeds remained minimal.
• Economic Disparities: It exacerbated disparities not only between states but also between large and small farmers, as the new technologies were expensive and could only be adopted by large-scale farmers.

Potential Questions and Answers:

Question: What is the focus of the 'Second Green Revolution'?

Answer: It focuses on sustainable agriculture, organic farming, and those regions (specifically Eastern India) that were left out during the first phase.

Question: What is the 'Yellow Revolution' associated with?

Answer: It is associated with the increase in the production of oilseeds.