Read the below statements about the human digestive system:
1. Bile emulsifies fats but does not contain enzymes.
2. Trypsinogen is activated to trypsin in the stomach.
3. Villi in small intestine increase surface area for absorption.
Which of the above statements are correct?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B
Explanation
Correct Answer: Only 1 and 3 are correct
Analysis of Statements:
- Statement 1 (True): Bile juice is secreted by the liver and is stored in the gallbladder. It contains no digestive enzymes; however, it performs the emulsification of fats—that is, it breaks down fat molecules into smaller particles so that enzymes can act upon them.
- Statement 2 (False): Trypsinogen is not secreted in the stomach; rather, it is secreted by the pancreas. Upon reaching the small intestine, it is converted into active trypsin with the aid of the enzyme enterokinase. The stomach primarily contains pepsinogen, which is converted into pepsin.
- Statement 3 (True): The inner lining of the small intestine features finger-like structures known as villi. These structures significantly increase the surface area available for the absorption of digested food, thereby facilitating the efficient absorption of nutrients.
Major Organs of the Digestive System and Their Functions:
- Organ — Primary Function
- • Stomach — Partial digestion of proteins via HCl and pepsin.
- • Liver — Production of bile juice (aids in fat digestion).
- • Pancreas — Secretion of enzymes such as trypsin, lipase, and amylase.
- • Small Intestine — Complete digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.
Important Questions for Upcoming Examinations:
- • Question: Which is the largest gland in the human body?
- Answer: The Liver
- • Question: In which organ of the body does the digestion of proteins begin?
- Answer: The Stomach
- • Question: What is the name of the enzyme that digests fats?