Pellagra is a deficiency disease that usually occurs due to lack of which of the following nutrients?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
Explanation
The correct answer is option 3 i.e. niacin .
Pellagra is a deficiency disease caused by a lack of niacin (vitamin B3) in the diet. Niacin is essential for the proper functioning of the digestive system, skin health, and nervous system. Pellagra is characterized by the 'three Ds': dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia, and if left untreated, it can lead to death. This disease often occurs in populations relying heavily on corn (maize) as a staple food, which is low in niacin and its precursor, tryptophan. Niacin deficiency can be prevented by consuming a balanced diet rich in meat, fish, eggs, and green leafy vegetables.
Incorrect Options:
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Vitamin E: Its deficiency leads to nerve and muscle damage, not pellagra. It mainly affects the nervous and immune systems.
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Iodine: A deficiency causes goitre and developmental issues like cretinism, especially affecting the thyroid gland.
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Riboflavin (Vitamin B2): Its deficiency can cause sore throat, mouth inflammation, and skin disorders—but not pellagra.