Pectin, which is responsible for the firmness and softness of fruits, is mainly composed of which acid unit?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B
Explanation
The correct answer is option 2 i.e. Galacturonic acid.
- Pectin, a substance found in fruits that contributes to their firmness and gel-like texture, is primarily composed of galacturonic acid units.
- Composition: Pectin is a complex polysaccharide made up of a chain of galacturonic acid residues. These residues are often esterified with methyl groups, which influences the gelling properties of pectin.
-
Function: In fruits, pectin helps maintain cell wall integrity and contributes to the firmness and structure of the fruit. When fruit is processed (e.g., during cooking for jams and jellies), pectin's ability to form gels is utilized to create a gel-like consistency.
-
Types: There are different types of pectin based on their degree of esterification, which affects their gelling properties. Low-ester pectin is often used in making jams and jellies without added sugar because it gels well with calcium ions.