Natya Shastra by Bharat Muni clubbed musical instruments into how many groups?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
Explanation
The correct answer is Option 3: 4
Explanation:
- In the Natya Shastra, authored by Bharat Muni, Indian musical instruments are classified into four (4) main groups based on the method by which they produce sound. This classification is also referred to as the 'Tat-Vitat' classification:
- Tat Vadya (Chordophones): Instruments in which sound is produced by the vibration of strings. Examples: Sitar, Veena.
- Sushir Vadya (Aerophones): Instruments in which sound is produced through the medium of air. Examples: Flute, Conch (Shankh).
- Avanaddha Vadya (Membranophones): Instruments in which sound is produced by striking a stretched skin or membrane. Examples: Tabla, Dholak.
- Ghan Vadya (Idiophones): Instruments made of solid metal or wood that produce sound when struck against one another. Examples: Cymbals (Jhanjh), Manjira.
Key Points about the Natya Shastra (for Revision):
- As you prepare for Indian Art and Culture, these facts are frequently asked in examinations:
- Pancham Veda: The Natya Shastra is often referred to as the 'Pancham Veda' (the Fifth Veda).
- Author: It was written by the ancient Indian scholar Bharat Muni.
- Subject Matter: It serves as the oldest and most comprehensive treatise not only on music but also on dance, drama, acting, and the theory of Rasa (aesthetics/emotions).
Important Questions for Upcoming Examinations:
Question: Which treatise is known as the 'Pancham Veda'?
Answer: Natya Shastra.
Question: To which category of musical instruments does the 'Flute' belong?
Answer: Sushir Vadya (Aerophones).
Question: To which category does the 'Tabla' belong?
Answer: Avanaddha Vadya (Membranophones).