India's Dependency Ratio is a critical measure of economic burden. In demographic terms, which age groups are considered “dependent” in calculating this ratio?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B
Explanation
Solution: The correct answer is 0-14 and 65+.
Explanation:
☛ In demography, the Dependency Ratio measures the ratio of economically dependent individuals to the working-age population.
☛ The dependent population consists of children aged 0 to 14 years (young dependents) and seniors aged 65 years and above (elderly dependents).
☛ The working-age population is internationally defined as individuals aged 15 to 64 years.
☛ Formula: Dependency Ratio = [(Population aged 0–14 + Population aged 65+) / Population aged 15–64] × 100.
☛ A lower dependency ratio signifies a higher proportion of working individuals, which can positively contribute to economic productivity.
Extra Exam-Relevant Facts:
☛ Demographic Dividend: Economic growth potential that results from shifts in a population’s age structure, mainly when the share of the working-age population (15–64) is larger than the dependent population.
☛ Total Fertility Rate (TFR): As per the National Family Health Survey-5 (NFHS-5), India's TFR has declined to 2.0, falling below the replacement level of 2.1.
☛ Census 2011 Data: India recorded an overall sex ratio of 943 females per 1,000 males and a literacy rate of 74.04%.
☛ Median Age: The median age of India's population is around 28 years, making it one of the youngest nations globally.
Important One-Liners for Upcoming Exams:
☛ The working-age population is internationally classified under which age bracket? → 15 to 64 years
☛ What is the universally recognized replacement level of Total Fertility Rate (TFR)? → 2.1 children per woman
☛ Which Indian state recorded the highest sex ratio as per Census 2011? → Kerala (1,084)
☛ What economic benefit arises when the dependency ratio decreases significantly? → Demographic Dividend
☛ Which Census year is known as the 'Year of the Great Divide' in Indian demographic history? → 1921