In which year did Albert Einstein predict a new state of matter, the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), based on a quantum formulation by the Indian physicist Satyendra Nath Bose?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B
Explanation
The correct answer is option 2 i.e. 1924
- In 1924 Albert Einstein predicted a new state of matter, the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), based on a quantum formulation by the Indian physicist Satyendra Nath Bose.
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Bose Einstein condensate (BEC), a defined as a state of matter, in which separate subatomic particles or atoms, cooled to
approximately absolute zero (0 K, - 459.67°F or - 273.15 °C; K = kelvin), coalesce into an entity of single quantum mechanical. It means one can be defined by a wave function- on a near-macroscopic scale. -
Although it had been predicted for decades, the first atomic BEC was made only in 1995, when Eric Cornell and Carl Wieman of JILA, a research institution jointly operated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the University of Colorado at Boulder, cooled a gas of rubidium atoms to 1.7 × 10−7 K above absolute zero.
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Along with Wolfgang Ketterle of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), who created a BEC with sodium atoms, these researchers received the 2001 Nobel Prize for Physics.
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Research on BECs has expanded the understanding of quantum physics and has led to the discovery of new physical effects.