In the question, a statement is given followed by two inferences. You must consider the statement to be true even if it seems to be at variance from commonly known facts and then decide which inference(s) can be drawn from the given statement.
Statement: All birds lay eggs.
Inference:
1. I. Animals that do not lay eggs are not birds.
2. II. Some animals that lay eggs are not birds.
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
Explanation
Statement: All birds lay eggs.
Analysis of Inferences:
• Inference I: "Animals that do not lay eggs are not birds." This is the contrapositive of the given statement (If Bird → Lays eggs, then Does not lay eggs → Not a bird). Therefore, Inference I follows.
• Inference II: "Some animals that lay eggs are not birds." The statement specifies that all birds lay eggs, but laying eggs is not an exclusive property restricted only to birds; birds are just a part of the egg-laying category. Therefore, Inference II also follows.
Thus, both I and II follow.
Correct Option: (C)