In the following question, a sentence with a blank is given, followed by five words labeled (1), (2), (3), (4), and (5).
Choose the word that fills the blank appropriately in the context of the passage.
The invention of the printing press in the 15th century (1) ___, heralding a seismic transformation in the dissemination of knowledge across Europe and beyond. Initially, the technology (2) _ largely to religious texts, yet within decades, its reach encompassed scientific treatises, political pamphlets, and literary works. The printing press not only democratized access to information but also catalyzed movements such as the Reformation and the Enlightenment, creating (3) palpable shifts in societal structures.
As books became more affordable and literacy rates rose, ideas could traverse borders with unprecedented speed, challenging established authorities and inspiring intellectual revolutions. What had once been the domain of the few now became a vibrant public discourse, reshaping collective consciousness.
However, the rise of printed material also (4) engendered anxieties among elites, who feared the erosion of traditional hierarchies. Even today, as digital media dominates, the legacy of the printing press (5) ___, underlining the enduring significance of mass communication technologies.
Which tense/modal suits the idea of continuous influence best? (5)
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
Explanation
The sentence is:
“Even today, as digital media dominates, the legacy of the printing press (5) ___, underlining…”
The phrase “Even today” shows the action started in the past and continues into the present
So we need present perfect tense
Why “has endured” fits:
has endured = started in the past + still continuing now
So the sentence becomes:
“…the legacy of the printing press has endured, underlining…”
Why others are wrong:
A) endures → simple present (doesn’t emphasize continuity from past)
B) endured → simple past (action finished)
D) had endured → past perfect (used for earlier past, not needed here)