SSC GD 2023 PYQ — Question 36

The correct answer is Option 4 i.e. Substratum weathered parent rock material.

• The soil is the topmost layer of the earth's crust mainly composed of organic minerals and rock particles that support life.
• Soil profile is defined as the vertical section of the soil from the ground surface downwards to where the soil meets the underlying rock.
• The layers of the soil are known as Soil horizons.
• They are generally represented by the letters O,A,C,E,B and R.
• The organic matter is the O-horizon, followed by it the top soil (A), subsoil (B) and the substratum (C).
• So from the topsoil the third layer is the Substratum i.e. the C-horizon.